Reference

Scroll Library

Concise scrolls on the grammar patterns you meet across HSK 1–6. Each entry shows the pattern, an explanation, and example sentences with audio.

31 of 31 articles

BeginnerHSK 1
Using 是 (shì) to identify and define
Subject + 是 + Noun
copulaidentitynegation
BeginnerHSK 1
Personal pronouns: 我, 你, 他, 她, 我们, 你们, 他们
Pronoun (+ 们 for plural)
pronounspluralbasics
BeginnerHSK 1
Possession and modification with 的 (de)
Possessor + 的 + Noun
particlepossessionmodification
BeginnerHSK 1
Yes/no questions with 吗 (ma)
Statement + 吗?
questionparticleyes-no
BeginnerHSK 1
Negation with 不 (bù) and 没 (méi)
不 + Verb / Adjective · 没 + 有 / past action
negationtenseaspect
BeginnerHSK 1
Counting nouns with measure words: 个, 本, 块, 岁
Number + Measure Word + Noun
measure-wordcountingnouns
BeginnerHSK 1
Having and existing with 有 / 没有
Subject + 有 / 没有 + Object
possessionexistencenegation
BeginnerHSK 1
在 (zài) for location and ongoing action
在 + Place · 在 + Verb (currently doing)
locationprogressiveaspect
ElementaryHSK 3
Choice questions with 还是 (háishi)
Option A + 还是 + Option B?
questionchoiceor
BeginnerHSK 1
Question words: 什么, 谁, 哪, 哪儿, 怎么, 多少, 几
Sentence with question word in normal slot
questioninterrogativewh-words
BeginnerHSK 1
Telling time: 现在, 点, 分, 今天, 昨天, 明天
Time word + Subject + Verb · Number + 点 + Number + 分
timeclockschedule
BeginnerHSK 1
Days, weeks, months and dates: 星期, 月, 号, 年
Year + 年 + Month + 月 + Day + 号 · 星期 + Number
timedatecalendar
BeginnerHSK 1
Adjectives behave like verbs: Subject + 很 + Adjective
Subject + 很 + Adjective
adjectivestative-verblinker
ElementaryHSK 2
Comparison with 比 (bǐ)
A + 比 + B + Adjective (+ Difference)
comparisonprepositiondegree
BeginnerHSK 1
Modal verbs: 想, 要, 会, 能, 可以
Subject + Modal + Verb
modalauxiliaryabilitypermission
ElementaryHSK 1
The 了 particle for completed actions
Verb + 了 + Object · Sentence + 了 (change of state)
particleaspectcompletion
ElementaryHSK 2
The 过 (guo) particle for past experience
Subject + Verb + 过 + (Object)
particleaspectexperience
IntermediateHSK 2
The 着 (zhe) particle for continuous states
Verb + 着 (+ Object)
particleaspectstate
IntermediateHSK 3
把 (bǎ) sentences: doing something to an object
Subject + 把 + Object + Verb + complement
constructionobjectresult
IntermediateHSK 3
Passive sentences with 被 (bèi)
Object + 被 + (Agent) + Verb + complement
passiveconstructionadvanced
ElementaryHSK 2
Verb reduplication: softening with V-V or V 一 V
Verb + Verb · Verb + 一 + Verb
verbtoneregister
ElementaryHSK 1
Directional complements: 来 (lái) and 去 (qù)
Verb + 来 / 去
complementdirectionverb
ElementaryHSK 2
Result complements: 完, 好, 到, 见
Verb + Result Complement (+ 了)
complementresultaspect
ElementaryHSK 2
Paired conjunctions: 因为…所以…, 虽然…但是…, 如果…就…
Conjunction A + Clause 1, + Conjunction B + Clause 2
conjunctionclause-linkinglogic
ElementaryHSK 2
Frequency adverbs: 经常, 一直, 偶尔, 总是
Subject + Frequency Adverb + Verb
adverbfrequencytime
ElementaryHSK 1
Three small adverbs: 还, 也, 都
Subject + 还 / 也 / 都 + Verb
adverbscopeaddition
ElementaryHSK 2
一点儿 vs 有点儿: two ways to say "a bit"
有点儿 + Adjective (negative) · Adjective + 一点儿
adverbdegreeregister
ElementaryHSK 2
Distance and span: 从 A 到 B
从 A 到 B + (Verb / Adjective)
prepositionplacetimeframe
ElementaryHSK 2
Distance from a reference: 离
A 离 B + (远 / 近 / specific distance)
prepositiondistanceplace
ElementaryHSK 2
Giving and receiving: 给
Subject + 给 + Recipient + (Verb +) Object
verbprepositiontransfer
ElementaryHSK 2
Opinions and impressions: 觉得
Subject + 觉得 + Clause
verbopinionregister

Reading the scrolls…

Scroll Library

Using 是 (shì) to identify and define

Personal pronouns: 我, 你, 他, 她, 我们, 你们, 他们

Possession and modification with 的 (de)

Yes/no questions with 吗 (ma)

Negation with 不 (bù) and 没 (méi)

Counting nouns with measure words: 个, 本, 块, 岁

Having and existing with 有 / 没有

在 (zài) for location and ongoing action

Choice questions with 还是 (háishi)

Question words: 什么, 谁, 哪, 哪儿, 怎么, 多少, 几

Telling time: 现在, 点, 分, 今天, 昨天, 明天

Days, weeks, months and dates: 星期, 月, 号, 年

Adjectives behave like verbs: Subject + 很 + Adjective

Comparison with 比 (bǐ)

Modal verbs: 想, 要, 会, 能, 可以

The 了 particle for completed actions

The 过 (guo) particle for past experience

The 着 (zhe) particle for continuous states

把 (bǎ) sentences: doing something to an object

Passive sentences with 被 (bèi)

Verb reduplication: softening with V-V or V 一 V

Directional complements: 来 (lái) and 去 (qù)

Result complements: 完, 好, 到, 见

Paired conjunctions: 因为…所以…, 虽然…但是…, 如果…就…

Frequency adverbs: 经常, 一直, 偶尔, 总是

Three small adverbs: 还, 也, 都

一点儿 vs 有点儿: two ways to say "a bit"

Distance and span: 从 A 到 B

Distance from a reference: 离

Giving and receiving: 给

Opinions and impressions: 觉得

Scroll Library

Using 是 (shì) to identify and define

Personal pronouns: 我, 你, 他, 她, 我们, 你们, 他们

Possession and modification with 的 (de)

Yes/no questions with 吗 (ma)

Negation with 不 (bù) and 没 (méi)

Counting nouns with measure words: 个, 本, 块, 岁

Having and existing with 有 / 没有

在 (zài) for location and ongoing action

Choice questions with 还是 (háishi)

Question words: 什么, 谁, 哪, 哪儿, 怎么, 多少, 几

Telling time: 现在, 点, 分, 今天, 昨天, 明天

Days, weeks, months and dates: 星期, 月, 号, 年

Adjectives behave like verbs: Subject + 很 + Adjective

Comparison with 比 (bǐ)

Modal verbs: 想, 要, 会, 能, 可以

The 了 particle for completed actions

The 过 (guo) particle for past experience

The 着 (zhe) particle for continuous states

把 (bǎ) sentences: doing something to an object

Passive sentences with 被 (bèi)

Verb reduplication: softening with V-V or V 一 V

Directional complements: 来 (lái) and 去 (qù)

Result complements: 完, 好, 到, 见

Paired conjunctions: 因为…所以…, 虽然…但是…, 如果…就…

Frequency adverbs: 经常, 一直, 偶尔, 总是

Three small adverbs: 还, 也, 都

一点儿 vs 有点儿: two ways to say "a bit"

Distance and span: 从 A 到 B

Distance from a reference: 离

Giving and receiving: 给

Opinions and impressions: 觉得